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The **RMS Titanic** remains one of the most famous ships in history, not for its grandeur but for its tragic fate. Built as the **largest and most luxurious ship of its time**, it was believed to be **"unsinkable."** However, on its maiden voyage in **April 1912**, the Titanic struck an iceberg and sank into the Atlantic Ocean, claiming over **1,500 lives**.
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## **1. The Creation of Titanic**
Titanic was built by **Harland & Wolff** shipbuilders in Belfast, Ireland, and was owned by the **White Star Line**. It was designed to be a **marvel of modern engineering**, featuring:
- **Length:** 882 feet (269 meters)
- **Weight:** 46,328 tons
- **Passengers Capacity:** Over 2,200
- **Luxury:** Grand staircases, first-class dining, swimming pools, and lavish suites
It was part of a competition with the **Cunard Line**, which had faster ships like the **Lusitania** and **Mauretania**. White Star Line focused on **size and luxury** rather than speed.
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## **2. The Maiden Voyage**
Titanic set sail from **Southampton, England**, on **April 10, 1912**, with stops in **Cherbourg, France**, and **Queenstown (now Cobh), Ireland**, before heading across the Atlantic to **New York City**. Onboard were some of the wealthiest individuals of the time, including **John Jacob Astor IV, Isidor Straus, and Benjamin Guggenheim**, as well as many immigrants seeking a new life in America.
### **Classes on Titanic:**
- **First Class:** Wealthy elites with lavish accommodations
- **Second Class:** Middle-class passengers with comfortable rooms
- **Third Class (Steerage):** Immigrants and lower-class passengers in small, crowded quarters
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## **3. The Collision with the Iceberg**
On **April 14, 1912, at 11:40 PM**, Titanic struck an **iceberg** in the North Atlantic. The iceberg caused **deep gashes below the waterline**, flooding five of its **watertight compartments**. The ship's designers had planned for it to survive four compartments being flooded—but not five.
### **Key Events After the Collision:**
- The **ship began sinking** at a dangerous angle.
- **Lifeboats were launched**, but there were not enough for everyone.
- Women and children were given priority, but many third-class passengers were trapped below deck.
- **At 2:20 AM on April 15**, Titanic broke apart and sank beneath the ocean.
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## **4. The Tragic Loss of Life**
Out of the **2,224 passengers and crew onboard**, **over 1,500 people perished**, making it one of the deadliest peacetime maritime disasters.
- **First-Class Survival Rate:** ~60%
- **Second-Class Survival Rate:** ~42%
- **Third-Class Survival Rate:** ~25%
- **Crew Survival Rate:** ~24%
The **RMS Carpathia** arrived in the morning and rescued the **705 survivors**. Many died in the freezing waters before help arrived.
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## **5. Aftermath and Investigations**
The Titanic disaster led to several changes in maritime safety, including:
- **More lifeboats required** on all passenger ships.
- **24-hour radio monitoring** for distress signals.
- **International Ice Patrol** was established to track icebergs.
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## **6. Titanic's Wreck and Legacy**
The wreck of Titanic was discovered in **1985** by oceanographer **Dr. Robert Ballard**. Today, the ship lies **about 12,500 feet (3,800 meters) below the ocean surface**, slowly deteriorating.
Titanic’s story continues to fascinate people, inspiring **books, documentaries, and the famous 1997 movie "Titanic" by James Cameron**. It remains a powerful reminder of human ambition, tragedy, and the importance of safety in maritime travel.
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### **Conclusion**
The Titanic's sinking was a disaster that shocked the world. What was once a **symbol of luxury and human achievement** became a heartbreaking tragedy. Even today, over **a century later,** Titanic's story lives on as one of history’s most powerful lessons about human error, nature’s power, and the need for better safety standards.
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